Concepts
Health psychology/Defence mechanisms · Narcissistic / psychotic

Denial

What it means

Refusing to accept an external reality because it is too threatening, behaving as though it is not true.

Worked example

A man with crushing chest pain insists it is "just indigestion" and refuses to seek help.

In the exam

Despite an obvious breast lump growing over months, a woman insists nothing is wrong and declines to see her GP.

What settles it

Denial rejects the reality itself. Repression excludes an internal feeling/memory from awareness; the external fact is not disputed.

Classically confused with

Repression

Source: AMBOSS