Read the finding
Respiratory · Pattern recognition
Spirometry
5 findings. Cover the answers and work down the list — then flip it and predict the finding from the diagnosis.
FEV1/FVC <0.7, reversible with bronchodilatorAsthma
FEV1/FVC <0.7, fixed (not reversible)COPD
FEV1/FVC normal/high, low FVC, low DLCORestrictive disease (ILD/fibrosis)
FEV1/FVC normal/high, low FVC, but NORMAL DLCOExtrapulmonary restriction (neuromuscular / chest wall)
Normal FEV1/FVC, normal FVC and normal DLCONormal spirometry