The drug atlas
Endocrine & Metabolic/Pituitary / hormone-excess drugslow yield

Octreotide & acromegaly drugs

also: somatostatin analogue · octreotide · lanreotide · pegvisomant · acromegaly

Overview

Somatostatin analogues suppress growth hormone (acromegaly) and have several other high-yield uses (variceal bleeding, carcinoid). Dopamine agonists/GH antagonists complete the acromegaly toolkit.

Mechanism

Octreotide/lanreotide are somatostatin analogues → inhibit GH (and many gut hormones) secretion. Pegvisomant is a GH-receptor antagonist. Dopamine agonists (cabergoline) modestly lower GH (and are first-line for prolactinoma — cross-ref).

Indications

  • Acromegaly (after/instead of surgery)
  • Variceal/GI bleeding (octreotide/terlipressin — cross-ref GI)
  • Carcinoid syndrome / neuroendocrine tumours

The agents

Octreotide / lanreotidesomatostatin analogue

SC/depot

Acromegaly; also acute variceal bleeding and carcinoid.

PegvisomantGH-receptor antagonist

SC

Acromegaly resistant to somatostatin analogues.

Cabergolinedopamine agonist

oral

Cross-references the prolactinoma/dopamine-agonist card.

Adverse effects

Octreotide: gallstones / biliary sludgeclassic

Inhibits gallbladder contraction.

GI upset, steatorrhoeacommon
Hyperglycaemia or hypoglycaemiacommon

Cautions & contraindications

all

Specialist-initiated; monitor gallbladder + glucose.

Interactions

  • Alters glucose control (adjust antidiabetics)

Monitoring & kinetics

IGF-1/GH response; gallbladder USS; glucose

SC or depot injection. (Definitive acromegaly treatment is trans-sphenoidal surgery.)

Choosing it

true

Source: BNF — Somatostatin analogues